Polymers having heterocyclic substituent groups, monomers useful in making such polymers, and compositions containing such polymers

ABSTRACT

A polymer that includes at least one monomeric unit having a pendant substituent group according to formula (II):  
                 
wherein: 
         R 1  is H, chloro, bromo, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl,    R 2  and R 3  are each independently H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, uriedo, or carboxyalkylene,    R 4  is alkylene or  
                 
   R 5 , R 7 , and R 10  are each independently alkylene,    R 6 , R 8 , and R 9  are each independently H or alkyl,    A is O or N—R 11 , provided if A is O and R 4  is methylene, then R 1  cannot be H, chloro, or bromo,    R 11  is H or alkyl, and    X −  is an anion, is useful in personal care application, such as hair stying compositions.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to polymers having heterocyclic substituentgroups, to monomers useful in making such polymers, and to compositionscontaining such polymers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many shampoos and hair care products contain conditioning agents, whichare typically high molecular weight polymers and which may be eithersynthetic or derived from natural sources. One benefit provided byconditioning agents is a reduction in the amount of work necessary tocomb through the conditioned hair. Polymeric conditioning agents mayalso function as adjuvants in the delivery of supplemental conditioningagents, such as silicones.

There is a continuing interest in the art in developing hairconditioning agents that provide high conditioning performance at lowconcentrations.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a monomeraccording to formula (I):

wherein:

-   -   R¹ is H, chloro, bromo, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl,    -   R² and R³ are each independently H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl,        aralkyl, uriedo, or carboxyalkylene,    -   R⁴ is alkylene or    -   R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently alkylene,    -   R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or alkyl,    -   A is O or N-R¹¹, provided if A is O and R⁴ is methylene, then R¹        cannot be H, chloro, or bromo,    -   R¹¹ is H or alkyl,    -   R¹² is H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, and    -   X⁻ is an anion.

In a second aspect, the present invention is directed to a polymercomprising at least one monomeric unit having a pendant substituentgroup according to formula (II):

wherein:

-   -   R¹ is H, chloro, bromo, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl,    -   R² and R³ are each independently H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl,        aralkyl, uriedo, or carboxyalkylene,    -   R⁴ is alkylene or    -   R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently alkylene,    -   R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or alkyl,    -   A is O or N—R¹¹, provided if A is O and R⁴ is methylene, then R¹        cannot be H, chloro, or bromo,    -   R¹¹ is H or alkyl, and    -   X⁻ is an anion.

In a third aspect, the present invention is directed to a personal carecomposition, comprising:

(a) a hydantoin-functional polymer comprising at least one monomericunit having a pendant substituent group according to formula (II):

wherein:

-   -   R¹ is H, chloro, bromo, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl,    -   R² and R³ are each independently H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl,        aralkyl, uriedo, or carboxyalkylene,    -   R⁴ is alkylene or    -   R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently alkylene,    -   R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or alkyl,    -   A is O or N—R¹¹,    -   R¹¹ is H or alkyl, and    -   X⁻ is an anion, and

(b) a carrier.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As used herein, the term “alkyl” means a saturated hydrocarbon radical,more typically a saturated (C₁-C₁₈) hydrocarbon radical, which may bestraight, branched, or cyclic, such as, for example, methyl, ethyl,n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, n-hexyl,cyclohexyl.

As used herein, the term “hydroxyalkyl” means an alkyl radical, moretypically a (C₁-C₁₈) alkyl radical, that is substituted with one or morehydroxyl groups, such as, for example, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl.

As used herein, the term “alkylene” means a bivalent acyclic saturatedhydrocarbon radical, more typically a bivalent acyclic saturated(C₁-C₁₈) hydrocarbon radical, such as, for example, methylene,polymethylene, and alkyl substituted polymethylene radicals, such as,for example, dimethylene, tetramethylene, 2-methyltrimethylene.

As used herein, the term “alkenyl” means an unsaturated hydrocarbonradical, more typically an unsaturated (C₁-C₁₈) hydrocarbon radical,that may be straight, branched, or cyclic and that contains one or morecarbon-carbon double bonds, such as, for example, ethenyl, 1-propenyl,2-propenyl, cyclopentenyl.

As used herein, the term “aryl” means an unsaturated hydrocarbon radicalthat contains one or more six-membered carbon rings, more typically asingle six-membered carbon ring, in which the unsaturation may berepresented by three conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds, which may besubstituted one or more of the ring carbons with hydrocarbon, typicallyalkyl or alkenyl, halo, or haloalkyl groups, such as, for example,phenyl, methylphenyl, trimethylphenyl, chlorophenyl,trichloromethylphenyl.

As used herein, the term “aralkyl” means an alkyl group, more typically(C₁-C₁₈)alkyl group, that is substituted with one or more aryl groups,such as, for example, phenylmethyl, phenylethyl, triphenylmethyl.

As used herein, the term “halo” means chloro, bromo, iodo, or fluoro.

As sued herein, the term “haloalkyl means an alkyl radical, moretypically a (C₁-C₁₈) alkyl radical, that is substituted on one or morecarbon atoms with one or more halo groups, such as, for example,chloromethyl, trichloromethyl.

As used herein, the terminology “ethylenic unsaturation” means aterminal (that is, α, β) carbon-carbon double bond.

As used herein, the terminology “(C_(n)-C_(m))” in reference to anorganic group, wherein n and m are each integers, indicates that thegroup may contain from n carbon atoms to m carbon atoms per group.

As used herein, the term “anion” means an organic or inorganic ion, suchas, for example, chloride, bromide, acetate, maleate, citrate, moretypically, chloride or bromide.

In one embodiment, the polymer according to the present inventioncomprises at least one monomeric unit, more typically two or moremonomeric units, according to formula (III):

wherein R¹ is H, chloro, bromo, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl,

-   -   R² and R³ are each independently H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl,        aralkyl, uriedo, or carboxyalkylene,    -   R⁴ is alkylene or    -   R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently alkylene,    -   R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or alkyl,    -   A is O or N—R¹¹, provided that if A is O and R⁴ is methylene,        then, except in the case of the hydantoin-functional polymer        component of the personal care composition of the present        invention, R¹ cannot be H, chloro, or bromo,    -   R¹¹ is H or alkyl,    -   R¹² is H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, and    -   X⁻ is an anion.

In one embodiment of the monomer according to formula (I), in oneembodiment of the polymer comprising at least one monomeric unit havinga pendant substituent group according to formula (II), and in oneembodiment of the polymer comprising at least one monomeric unitaccording to formula (III):

-   -   R¹ is H, (C₁-C₁₂)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C₁₂)alkyl, phenyl, or benzyl,    -   R² and R³ are each independently H, (C₁-C₁₂)alkyl,        hydroxy(C₁-C₁₂)alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, uriedo, or        carboxy(C₁-C₁₂)alkylene,    -   R⁴ is (C₁-C₁₂)alkylene or    -   R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently (C₁-C₁₂)alkylene,    -   R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or (C₁-C₁₂)alkyl,    -   A is O or N—R¹¹, provided that if A is O and A is methylene,        then, except in the case of the hydantoin-functional polymer        component of the personal care composition of the present        invention, R¹ cannot be H,    -   R¹¹ is H or (C₁-C₁₂)alkyl, and    -   X⁻ is an anion, more typically chloride or bromide, and,    -   in the case of the monomer and of the polymer comprising at        least one monomeric unit according to formula (III), R¹² is H or        (C₁-C₆)alkyl, more typically H or methyl.

In one embodiment of the monomer according to formula (I), in oneembodiment of the polymer comprising at least one monomeric unit havinga pendant substituent group according to formula (II), and in oneembodiment of the polymer comprising at least one monomeric unitaccording to formula (III):

-   -   R¹ is H, or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, more typically H,        methyl, or ethyl,    -   R² and R³ are each independently H, or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, phenyl or        benzyl, more typically H, methyl, or ethyl,    -   R⁴ is (C₁-C₆)alkylene, more typically, methylene, dimethylene,        or trimethylene,    -   A is N—R¹¹, and    -   R¹¹ is H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, more typically H, methyl, or ethyl,        and, ‘in the case of the monomer and of the polymer comprising        at least one monomeric unit according to formula (III), R¹² is H        or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, more typically H or methyl.

In one embodiment of the monomer according to formula (I), in oneembodiment of the polymer comprising at least one monomeric unit havinga pendant substituent group according to formula (II), and in oneembodiment of the polymer comprising at least one monomeric unitaccording to formula (III):

R¹ is H, or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, more typically H, methyl, orethyl,

-   -   R² and R³ are each independently H, or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, phenyl or        benzyl, more typically H, methyl, or ethyl,    -   R⁴ is    -   R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently (C₁-C₆)alkylene, more        typically methylene dimethylene, or trimethylene,    -   R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, more        typically H, methyl or ethyl,    -   A is N—R¹¹,    -   R¹¹ is H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, more typically H, methyl or ethyl, and    -   X⁻ is an anion, more typically chloride or bromide, and,    -   in the case of the monomer and of the polymer comprising at        least one monomeric unit according to formula (III), R¹² is H or        (C₁-C₆)alkyl, more typically H or methyl.

The monomer according to the present invention can be made by knownsynthesis techniques from commercially available starting material.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is made by free radical polymerization of oneor more ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising at least onemonomer that comprises at least one site of ethylenic unsaturation permolecule and at least one moiety according to formula (II), wherein R¹to R¹¹, A, and X⁻ are each as described above, per molecule of monomer,such as, for example, monomers according to formula (I), wherein R¹ toR¹², A, and X⁻ are each as described above. As used herein, the notation“R^(x) to R^((x+y)) 38 , wherein x and y are each positive integers,means from substituent group Rx to substituent group R^((x+y)),inclusive of any substituent groups between substituent group R^(x) andsubstituent group R^((x+y)), for example, “R¹ to R¹²” means R¹, R², R³,R⁴ R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹, R¹⁰ R¹¹ and R¹². As used herein, an indicationcertain substituent group of an embodiment of the invention is “asdescribed above” refers separately to each previous description,including the broadest description and any narrower descriptions, ofsuch substituent group that is applicable in the context of thatembodiment.

In an alternative embodiment, the polymer of the present invention orthe hydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal carecomposition of the present invention is made by grafting at least onemoiety according to formula (II), wherein R¹ to R¹¹, A, and X⁻ are eachas described above, to a polymer backbone, such as, for example, apoly(acrylonitrile) polymer backbone, according to known techniques.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or the polymercomponent of the personal care composition of the present inventionconsists essentially of two or more monomeric units each independentlyderived from a monomer that comprises at least one site of ethylenicunsaturation per molecule and at least one moiety according to formula(II), wherein R¹ to R¹¹, A, and X⁻ are each as described above, permolecule of monomer.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a homopolymer that consists essentially oftwo or more identical monomeric units each derived from a monomercomprising at least one site of ethylenic unsaturation per molecule andat least one moiety according to formula (II), wherein R¹ to R¹¹, A, andX⁻ are each as described above, per molecule, more typically, from amonomer according to formula (I), wherein R¹ to R¹², A, and X⁻ are eachas described above.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a homopolymer consisting essentially of twoor more identical monomeric units according to formula (III), wherein R¹to R¹², A, and X⁻ are each as described above.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a copolymer comprising a two or moremonomeric units, wherein at least one of such monomeric units comprisesa pendant substituent group according to formula (II), wherein R¹ toR¹¹, A, and X⁻ are each as described above, and at least one other ofsuch monomeric units lacks such a substituent group

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a copolymer comprising at least one firstmonomeric unit derived from a monomer that comprises at least one siteof ethylenic unsaturation per molecule and at least one moiety accordingto formula (II), wherein R¹ to R¹¹, A, and X⁻ are each as describedabove, per molecule, more typically, from a monomer according to formula(I), wherein R¹ to R¹², A, and X⁻ are each as described above, and atleast one second monomeric unit derived from another ethylenicallyunsaturated monomer that is copolymerizable with the monomer from whichthe first monomeric unit is derived.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a copolymer comprising at least onemonomeric unit according to formula (III), wherein R¹ to R¹², A, and X⁻are each as described above, and at least one second monomeric unitderived from another ethylenically saturated monomer that iscopolymerizable with the monomer from which the first monomeric unit isderived.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a copolymer comprising at least onemonomeric unit derived from a monomer according to formula (II), whereinR¹ to R¹¹, A, and X⁻ are each as described above, and at least onemonomeric unit derived from another ethylenically saturated monomer thatis copolymerizable with the monomer according to formula (II).

Suitable ethylenically unsaturated comonomers are known compounds andinclude, for example, esters of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylicacids, such as ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, n-propyl acrylate,n-propyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate,2-ehtylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate,hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropylacrylate,hydroxypropylmethacrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate,N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate methyl chloride, N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate methyl chloride, benzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylatechloride, and benzyldimethylammonium ethyl methacrylate chloride, amidesof ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as acrylamide,methacrylamide, trimethylammonium propyl acrylamide chloride, andtrimethylammonium propyl methacrylamide chloride, vinyl monomers, suchas vinyl acetate, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam, and vinylversatate, and allylic monomers, such as allyl alcohol.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a copolymer comprising at least one firstmonomeric unit according to formula (III) and at least one secondmonomeric unit according to formula (IV):

wherein:

R¹³ is hydroxyalkyl,

-   -   R¹⁴ is H or (C₁-C₄)alkyl,    -   A′ is O or NR⁷,    -   R¹⁵ and R¹⁶ are each independently alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, and    -   R¹⁷ is H or alkyl.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a copolymer that comprises:

(a) from about 0.5 to about 99.5 mole percent first monomeric units,each of which:

-   -   (i) is derived from a monomer according to formula (I), wherein        R¹ to R¹², A, and X⁻ are each as described above,    -   (ii) comprises a pendant substituent group according to formula        (II), wherein R¹ to R¹¹, A, and X⁻ are each as described above,        and/or    -   (iii) is according to formula (III), wherein R¹ to R¹², A, and        X⁻ are each as described above, and

(b) from about 0.5 to about 99.5 mole percent second monomeric units,each of which:

-   -   (i) lacks a pendant substituent group according to formula (II),        and/or    -   (ii) is derived from a monomer according to formula (IV),        wherein R¹³ to R¹⁷ and A′ are each as described above.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a copolymer that comprises:

(a) from about 0.5 to less than 50 mole percent first monomeric units,each of which:

-   -   (i) is derived from a monomer according to formula (I), wherein        R¹ to R¹², A, and X⁻ are each as described above,    -   (ii) comprises a pendant substituent group according to formula        (II), wherein R¹ to R¹¹, A, and X⁻ are each as described above,        and/or    -   (iii) is according to formula (III), wherein R¹ to R¹², A, and        X⁻ are each as described above, and

(b) from 50 to about 99.5 mole percent second monomeric units, each ofwhich:

-   -   (i) lacks a pendant substituent group according to formula (II),        and/or    -   (ii) is derived from a monomer according to formula (IV),        wherein R¹³ to R¹⁷ and A′ are each as described above.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is a copolymer that comprises:

(a) from 50 to about 99.5 mole percent first monomeric units, each ofwhich:

-   -   (i) is derived from a monomer according to formula (I), wherein        R¹ to R¹², A, and X⁻ are each as described above,    -   (ii) comprises a pendant substituent group according to formula        (II), wherein R¹ to R¹¹, A, and X⁻ are each as described above,        and/or    -   (iii) is according to formula (III), wherein R¹ to R¹², A, and        X⁻ are each as described above, and

(b) from about 0.5 to less than 50 mole percent second monomeric units,each of which:

-   -   (i) lacks a pendant substituent group according to formula (II),        and/or    -   (ii) is derived from a monomer according to formula (IV),        wherein R¹³ to R¹⁷ and A′ are each as described above.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention exhibits a weight average molecular weight offrom about 1,000 to about 5,000,000 grams per mole (“g/mol”), moretypically from about 5,000 to about 4,000,000 g/mol, even more typicallyfrom about 10,000 to about 2,000,000 g/mol. The weight average molecularweight of a polymer is typically determined by fractionating a solutionof the polymer using, for example, size exclusion chromatography, andthen determining the molecular weight of each of such polymer fractions,for example, by measuring the intensity of light scattering by thefractions or by measuring the refractive index of the fractions andcomparing the refractive index results to those obtained for a polymerof known molecular weight.

In one embodiment, the polymer of the present invention or thehydantoin-functional polymer component of the personal care compositionof the present invention is at least substantially, that is, at least0.5% polymer by weight at 20° C., soluble in water, in a (C₁-C₆)alkanol,or in a mixture of water and a (C₁-C₆)alkanol.

As used herein, the terminology “personal care compositions” meanscompositions for use in caring for the hair or skin, and includes, forexample, shampoos, hair conditioners, hair gels, hair mousses, hairsprays, skin cleansers, and skin lotions.

Personal care compositions according to the present invention may,optionally, further comprise one or more surfactant compounds.Surfactant compounds are characterized by the presence of both ahydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group on the same molecule andinclude amphoteric surfactants, Zwitterionic surfactants, nonionicsurfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants or combinationsthereof.

Anionic surfactants are ionic surfactant compounds that have a negativeelectrical charge associated with the hydrophilic portion of thesurfactant. Suitable anionic surfactants include, generally, alkylsulfonates, aryl sulfonates, alkaryl sulfonates, alpha olefinsulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, alkyl ester sulfonates, alkyl sulfates,alkyl alkoxy sulfates, alkyl alkoxy carboxylates, alkyl alkoxylatedsulfates, acylsarcosinates, and amidosulfonates, as well as mixturesthereof.

Cationic surfactants are ionic surfactant compounds that have a positiveelectrical charge associated with the hydrophilic portion of thesurfactant. Suitable cationic surfactants are generally compoundsaccording to formula (V) below:

wherein R²¹, R²², R²³, and R²⁴, are each independently hydrogen, or anorganic radical, provided that at least one of R²¹, R²², R²³, and R²⁴ isan organic radical, and X′⁻ is an anion, and include amine salts, suchas ethoxylated tallow amine, quaternary ammonium compounds, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (also known as CETAB or cetrimonium.bromide), cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (also known as cetrimoniumchloride), myristyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (also known asmyrtrimonium bromide or Quaternium-13), stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammoniumchloride (also known as stearalkonium chloride), oleyl dimethyl benzylammonium, chloridedistearyldimonium chloride, isostearyl benzylimidoniumchloride, and mixtures thereof.

Amphoteric surfactants are ionic surfactant compounds that arecharacterized by the presence of two ionic sites on the same moleculeand which, depending on the pH of the surrounding medium, may carry anegative electrical charge, a positive electrical charge, or both anegative electrical charge and a positive electrical charge on the samemolecule. Suitable amphoteric surfactants include alkali metal, alkalineearth metal, ammonium, or substituted ammonium salts of alkylamphocarboxy glycinates and alkyl amphocarboxypropionates, alkylamphodipropionates, alkyl amphodiacetates, alkyl amphoglycinates alkylamphopropionates, alkyl iminopropionates, alkyl iminodipropionates andalkyl amphopropylsulfonates, such as for example, cocoamphoacetatecocoamphopropionate, lauroamphodiacetate, and cocoamphopropyl sulfonate.

Zwitterionic surfactants are ionic surfactant compounds characterized bythe presence of two ionic sites per molecule, wherein one of the ionicsites carries a positive electrical charge regardless of the pH of thesurrounding medium and wherein the other ionic site may, depending onthe pH of the surrounding medium, carry a positive charge. SuitableZwitterionic surfactants include alkyl betaines, such as cocodimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, amidopropyl betaines, and alkyl sultaines, suchas cocodimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, stearyldimethyl sulfopropylbetaine, and alkylamidopropylhydroxy sultaines.

Nonionic surfactants are surfactant compounds that do not dissociateinto ions and that not have an electrical charge associated with them.Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkanolamides such as cocamideDEA, lauramide MEA, alkyl amine oxides such as lauramine oxide,polysorbates and ethoxylated sorbitan esters such as sorbitan laurate,PEG-80 sorbitan, and polysorbate-80, fatty acids and fatty acid esters,such as isostearic acid, fatty alcohols and ethoxylated fatty alcohols,such as lauryl alcohol, laureth4, trideceth alcohol, and C11-15pareth-9.

In one embodiment, the personal care composition according to thepresent invention comprises, based on 100 parts by weight (“pbw”) of thecomposition, from about 0.01 to about 80 pbw of the hydantoin-functionalpolymer component and from about 20 to about 99.9 pbw of a carrier.

Suitable carriers for the personal care composition of the presentinvention are liquid or solid vehicles that is capable of being mixedwith the hydantoin-functional polymer for delivery of the polymer to thehair or skin and that will not cause harm when topically applied to thehair or skin. Suitable liquid carriers include water, organic solvents,such as alkanols, acetone, and isoparrafins, and alkylether diols,mixtures of such organic solvents, and mixtures of water with watermiscible organic solvents. Suitable alkanols are typically(C₁-C₁₈)alkanols and include monohydric alkanols, such as methanol,ethanol, isopropanol, Cetyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, Cetearyl Alcohol,Benzyl Alcohol, Oleyl Alcohol, and polyhydric alkanols, such as2-butoxyethanol, and ethylene glycol, as well as mixtures of suchalkanols. Suitable alkylether diols include, for example, ethyleneglycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether and diethyleneglycol monomethyl ether, and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the personal care composition according the presentinvention is an aqueous system wherein the carrier comprises water.

In one embodiment, the personal care composition of the presentinvention comprises, based on 100 pbw solids (that is absent water andother solvents) of such composition, up to about 6 pbw amphotericsurfactants, up to about 8 pbw Zwitterionic surfactants, up to about 20pbw anionic surfactants, wherein the total amount of all surfactantsranges from about 6 pbw to about 25 pbw, more typically from about 10pbw to about 20 pbw.

The personal care compositions according to the present invention may,optionally, further contain other ingredients, such as, for example,preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben andimidazolidinyl urea, thickeners and viscosity modifiers such as blockpolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, electrolytes, such assodium chloride, sodium sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethyl alcohol,pH adjusting agents such as citric acid, succinic acid, phosphoric acid,sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, perfumes, dyes, conditioning agentssuch as organosilicon materials, including, silicone gums,polyorganosiloxane fluids, and silicone resins, active ingredients suchas anti-dandruff agents (zinc pyrithion), vitamins or their derivativessuch as Vitamin B, Vitamin E Acetate, and sequestering agents such asdisodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate.

In one embodiment, the personal care composition of the presentinvention comprises, based on 100 pbw of the personal care compositionand independently for each such ingredient, up to about 10 pbw,preferably from 0.5 pbw to about 5.0 pbw, of such other ingredients,depending on the desired properties of the hair care composition.

In one embodiment, the personal care composition is a hair stylingcomposition that is in the form of a gel, mousse, or spray and may beapplied to the hair and/or skin, for example, by hand or by spraying, asappropriate in view of the form of the composition.

In one embodiment, the personal care composition is a hair styling gelthat comprises a hydantoin-functional polymer component, a carrierselected from water, (C₂-C₆)alkanols, and mixtures thereof, and,optionally, a thickener. Suitable thickeners include acrylic acidpolymers and copolymers, such as a Carbomers.

As used herein, the term “mousse” means a composition that is in theform of a foam when applied. In one embodiment, the personal carecomposition is a hair styling mousse is packaged in a pressurizedcontainer and comprises a hydantoin-functional polymer component, acarrier, and a propellant suitable for foaming the composition when thecomposition is dispensed from the container. Suitable propellants areliquefiable gases, such as, for example, propane, butane, isobutane,nitrogen, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, 1,2-difluoroethane.

In one embodiment, the personal care composition is a hair spraycomposition suitable for spray application from a container that isequipped with a mechanical sprayer, comprising a hydantoin-functionalpolymer component, and a carrier selected from water, (C₂-C₆)alkanols,and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the personal care composition is an aerosol hairspray composition suitable for spray application from a pressurizedcontainer and comprises, a hydantoin-functional polymer component, acarrier, typically a (C₁-C₆)alkanol or (C₇-C₁₀) isoparrafin carrier, anda propellant suitable for aerosol delivery of the hair spray compositionto the hair. Suitable propellants are those described above in regard tothe hair styling mousse embodiment of the personal care composition ofthe present invention.

The personal care composition of the present invention is used byapplying the personal composition to the hair and/or skin.

The polymer of the present invention is also useful as a component infabric care compositions and home care compositions. As used herein, theterminology “fabric care compositions” means compositions for use incaring for fabrics such as clothing and includes, for example, laundrydetergents.

In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a fabric carecomposition that comprises at least one polymer according to the presentinvention, one or more surfactant compounds, and, optionally, furthercomprising a textile compatible carrier such as for example, water.

The fabric care composition may optionally further comprise othercomponents know or appropriate for use in such compositions, such as,for example, softening agents, such a lanolin, non-aqueous solvents,perfume carriers, fluorescers, colorants, hydrotropes, antifoamingagents, antiredeposition agents, enzymes, optical brightening agents,opacifiers, anti-shrinking agents, anti-wrinkle agents, anti-spottingagents, dye transfer inhibitors, germicides, fungicides, anti-oxidants,UV absorbers (sunscreens), heavy metal sequestrants, chlorinescavengers, dye fixatives, anti-corrosion agents, drape impartingagents, antistatic agents and ironing aids.

Suitable fabric care compositions include pretreatment products, soakingproducts, main wash products, and rinse treatments, may be in the formof a liquid, solid, a gel or paste, spray, stick, or mousse, and may beapplied to a substrate such as a flexible sheet or via a dispenser foruse in a wash cycle, rinse cycle, or dryer cycle.

EXAMPLE 1

A monomer according to the formula:

is made as described below.

3-(2-propionamidoethyl)-5,5′-dimethyl hydantoin is made as follows. Amixture of 128 grams (“g”) (1 mole) of 5,5′-dimethylhydantoin and 99 g(1 mole) of 2-ethyl oxazoline is placed in a 1 liter (“L”) round-bottomflask equipped with a condenser. The mixture is heated with stirring to130° C. and maintained at this temperature for 6.5 hours. The product isisolated by recrystallization from a mixture of ethylacetate andmethanol (60/40 weight ratio).

3-(2-monohydrochloride aminoethyl)-5,5′-dimethyl hydantoin is made asfollows. A mixture of 110 g (0.485 mole) of3-(2-propionamidoethyl)-5,5′-dimethyl hydantoin, 81.0 milliliters (“m”)of concentrated HCl and 250 mL of water is placed in a 1 L round-bottomflask equipped with a condenser. The contents of the flask are heatedwith stirring to reflux temperature, and maintained at reflux for 12hours. The contents are then concentrated using rotavap under reducedpressure to remove the propionic acid. The resulting concentrate isadded to 100 mL of methanol. The white crystals formed are filtered anddried.

3-(2-aminoethyl)-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin is made as follows. A mixture of61.7 g (0.297 mole) of 3-(2-monohydrochloride aminoethyl)-5,5′-dimethylhydantoin, 24.8 g (25% solution, 0.3 mole) of NaOH, and 52 g of waterare stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes. The water is removedusing a rotavap under reduced pressure. The resulting free amine isdissolved in methanol (200 mL) to precipitate NaCl. The methanol is thenremoved under reduced pressure.

A mixture of 17.1 g (0.1 mole) of free amine prepared as above, 10.1 gof triethylamine (0.1 mole) and 100 mL of dichloromethane are taken in a3-neck round-bottom flask equipped with a condenser and stirring means.The contents of the flask are cooled to 20° C. and 10.45 g ofmethcryloyl chloride (0.1 mole) is added dropwise with stirring over aperiod of 60 minutes. The contents are stirred at room temperature for16 hours. 10 mg of 4-methoxyphenol is added the and the contents areconcentrated. To the concentrate is added 250 mL of acetone and the NaClis filtered. The filtrate is then concentrated under reduced pressure toobtain the 3-(methacrylamidoethyl)-5,5′-dimethyl hydantoin monomer.

EXAMPLE 2

A polymer is made by polymerizing the monomer of Example 1 as follows.To a 250 mL round-bottom flask fitted with a condenser, stirrer,nitrogen inlet is placed 6.16 g of the product of example 3, 17.5 g of amixture of water/ethanol (63/37 weight ratio). The contents of the flaskare heated with nitrogen sparging and stirring to 62° C. 0.061 g ofVazo™ 56 (Dupont) initiator is added in one shot. Two more initiatorshots (0.03 g Vazo 56 initiator) are added after 3 hours and after 5hours following the first initiator addition. Stirring at 62° C. iscontinued for 3 more hours and the mixture is cooled to roomtemperature.

EXAMPLE 3

A monomer according to the formula:

was made as follows. A mixture of dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide(15.5. g., 0.091 mole), methyl chloroacetate (10.8 g, 0.1 mole), 20 mgof MEHQ and 20 mL of methanol is heated with stirring to 70° C. and aremaintained at this temperature for 8 hours and are then cooled to roomtemperature. 3-(2-aminoethyl)-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin is made asdescribed in Example 1 (17.1 g in 30 mL of methanol) and added over aperiod of 10 minutes. The contents are then heated to 70° C. withstirring and are maintained at this temperature for 4 hours. Themethanol is then distilled under reduced pressure to obtain a viscousproduct. 41.0 g of water is added to obtain a clear solution.

EXAMPLE 4

A polymer is made by polymerizing the monomer of Example 3 as follows.To a 250 mL round-bottom flask fitted with a condenser, stirring and anitrogen inlet is placed a mixture of 20.0 g (50% solution, 0.024 mole)of monomer of Example 3, and water (10.0 g). With nitrogen sparging andstirring the contents of the flask are heated to 62° C. 0.12 g of Vazo56 initiator in 5.0 mL of water is added over a period of 25 min. Afterthree hours, a second initiator portion (0.04 g Vazo 56 initiator in 2mL water) is added in one shot. Then after 2 hours, a third initiatorportion (0.04 g Vazo 56 initiator in 1 mL water) is added in one shotand the reaction temperature is increased to 68° C. Stirring iscontinued for 3 hours and the mixture is then cooled to roomtemperature.

EXAMPLE 5

A copolymer is made by copolymerizing the monomer of Example 3 withacrylamide as follows. To a 250 mL round-bottom flask fitted with acondenser, stirring and a nitrogen inlet is placed 20.0 g (50% solutionin water, 0.024 mole) of monomer from Example 3, 5.37 g of acrylamide(50% solution in water, 0.038 mole) and 10.0 g of water. With nitrogensparging and stirring the contents of the flask is heated to 62° C. 0.12g of Vazo 56 initiator in 5.0 mL of water is added over a period of 5minutes. After 30 minutes, 25 mL of water is added for good stirring.After 4 hours, a second initiator portion (0.04 g Vazo 56 initiator in 2mL water) is added in one shot. Then after 2 hours a third initiatorportion (0.04 g Vazo 56 initiator in 1 mL water) is added in one shotand the reaction temperature is increased to 70° C. Stirring iscontinued for 3 hours and the mixture is then cooled to roomtemperature.

1. A monomer according to formula (I):

wherein: R¹ is H, chloro, bromo, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, R² and R³ are each independently H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, uriedo, or carboxyalkylene, R⁴ is alkylene or

R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently alkylene, R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or alkyl, A is O or N—R¹¹, provided if A is O and R⁴ is methylene, then R¹ cannot be H, chloro, or bromo, R¹¹ is H or alkyl, R¹² is H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl, and X⁻ is an anion.
 2. A polymer comprising at least one monomeric unit having a pendant substituent group according to formula (II):

wherein: R¹ is H, chloro, bromo, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, R² and R³ are each independently H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, uriedo, or carboxyalkylene, R⁴ is alkylene or

R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently alkylene, R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or alkyl, A is O or N—R¹¹, provided if A is O and R⁴ is methylene, then R¹ cannot be H, chloro, or bromo, R¹¹ is H or alkyl, and X⁻ is an anion.
 3. A personal care composition, comprising: (a) a polymer comprising at least one monomeric unit having a pendant substituent group according to formula (II):

wherein: R¹ is H, chloro, bromo, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, R² and R³ are each independently H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, uriedo, or carboxyalkylene, R⁴ is alkylene or

R⁵, R⁷, and R¹⁰ are each independently alkylene, R⁶, R⁸, and R⁹ are each independently H or alkyl, A is O or N—R¹¹, R¹¹ is H or alkyl, and X⁻ is an anion, and (b) a carrier. 